Ephesians: Three Descriptions of Man’s Fallen Condition

In the Apostle Paul’s letter to the saints and faithful in Ephesus there are three descriptions of the fallen condition of humanity. The first is in chapter 2:1–3 and describes the internal spiritual condition of those who are without Christ. The second, in 2:11–13, describes the external circumstances of the Gentiles prior to the revelation…

The Trinitarian Foundation of Paul’s Letter to the Ephesians

The Scriptures teach us certain doctrines by explicit development in specific passages—justification by faith (Rom. 3 and 4, Gal. 2 and 3), salvation by grace alone (Eph. 2:1–10), the power of the preaching of the gospel (1 Cor. 1). Other doctrines we learn only by gathering up Scriptural teaching in many places and putting it…

Some Thoughts about Assurance and Good Works

There is a question inherent in Reformed soteriology: if justification is by faith alone, why can we not have assurance of justification apart from holiness? Doesn’t this make our justification in part dependent on good works? The antinomians answer it by saying that we don’t need personal holiness. Another answer to the question is that…