Proverbs 19:12 to 20:26: A Chiasm about King and Counsel

Proverbs 19:12 to 20:26 contain two chiasms, one of which is embedded in the other. The table below shows the details, but some description is also necessary.

The first and largest chiasm focuses on the words king and counsel and we can summarize it briefly in the following way. The center of the chiasm is 20:5, a verse about counsel, and the other verses about king and counsel are arranged symmetrically around it and interspersed with verses about various topics in blocks of two, nine or seven verses each.

A 19:12, King
B 19:13-19, 7 verses
C 19:20-21, Counsel
D 19:22-20:1, 9 verses
A 20:2, King
E 20:3-4, 2 verses
C* 20:5, Counsel
E’ 20:6-7, 2 verses
A’ 20:8, King
D’ 20:9-17, 9 verses
C’ 20:18, Counsel
B’ 20:19-25, 7 verses
A’ 20:26, King

We should at least consider the possibility that we should understand this whole section as commentary on the place of king and counsel in the various subjects considered.

Within this larger chiasm is another symmetrical structure about laziness. It does not lie at the center of the larger chiasm but is instead nearer the beginning than the end of it. There are four verses about laziness: 19:15, 19:24, 20:4 and 20:13. Each of these is separated from the ones before and after by eight verses about other subjects.


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